member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, 
or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive 
or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution 
of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or 
rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the 
enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds 
of each House, remove such disability.

Section 4

The validity of the public debt of the United States, 
authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment 
of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing 
insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But 
neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay 
any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or 
rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss 
or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations 
and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5

The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate 
legislation, the provisions of this article.

Fifteenth Amendment

Section 1

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be 
denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on 
account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude–

Section 2

The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by 
appropriate legislation.

Sixteenth Amendment

The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes 
on incomes, from whatever source derived, without 
apportionment among the several States, and without 
regard to any census or enumeration.

Seventeenth Amendment

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two 
Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, 
for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The 
electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite 
for electors of the most numerous branch of the State 
legislatures.

When vacancies happen in the representation of any State 
in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall 
issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That 
the legislature of any State may empower the executive 
thereof to make temporary appointments until the people 
fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.

This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the 
election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes 
valid as part of the Constitution.

Eighteenth Amendment

Section 1

After one year from the ratification of this article the 
manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors 
within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation 
thereof from the United States and all territory subject to 
the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby 
prohibited.

Section 2

The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent 
power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 3

This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have 
been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by 
the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the 
Constitution, within seven years from the date of the 
submission hereof to the States by the Congress.

Nineteenth Amendment

Section 1

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not 
be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State 
on account of sex.

Section 2

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by 
appropriate legislation.

Twentieth Amendment

Section 1

The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at 
noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators 
and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the 
years in which such terms would have ended if this article 
had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall 
then begin.

Section 2

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, 
and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of 
January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.

Section 3

If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the 
President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice 
President elect shall become President. If a President shall 
not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning 
of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to 
qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President 
until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may 
by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect 
nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring 
who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one 
who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act 
accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have 
qualified.

Section 4

The Congress may by law provide for the case of the 
death of any of the persons from whom the House of 
Representatives may choose a President whenever the right 
of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of 
the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may 
choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall 
have devolved upon them.

Section 5

Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October 
following the ratification of this article.

Section 6

This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been 
ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the 
legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within 
seven years from the date of its submission.

Twenty-First Amendment

Section 1

The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of 
the United States is hereby repealed.

Section 2

The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, 
or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein 
of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is 
hereby prohibited.

Section 3

This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been 
ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions 
in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within 
seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the 
States by the Congress.

Twenty-Second Amendment

Section 1

No person shall be elected to the office of the President 
more than twice, and no person who has held the office of 
President, or acted as President, for more than two years of 
a term to which some other person was elected President 
shall be elected to the office of the President more than 
once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding 
the office of President when this Article was proposed by 
the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be 
holding the office of President, or acting as President, during 
the term within which this Article becomes operative from 
holding the office of President or acting as President during 
the remainder of such term.

Section 2

This Article shall be inoperative unless it shall have 
been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the 
legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within 
seven years from the date of its submission to the States by 
the Congress.

Twenty-Third Amendment

Section 1

The District constituting the seat of Government of the 
United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress 
may direct:

A number of electors of President and Vice President equal 
to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in 
Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were 
a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; 
they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, 
but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election 
of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by 
a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such 
duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.

Section 2

The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by 
appropriate legislation.

Twenty-Fourth Amendment

Section 1

The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any 
primary or other election for President or Vice President, 
for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or 
Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged 
by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay 
any poll tax or other tax.

Section 2

The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by 
appropriate legislation.

Twenty-Fifth Amendment

Section 1

In case of the removal of the President from office or of 
his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become 
President.

Section 2

Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice 
President, the President shall nominate a Vice President 
who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote 
of both Houses of Congress.

Section 3

Whenever the President transmits to the President pro 
tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to 
discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he 
transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such 
powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President 
as Acting President.

Section 4

Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the 
principal officers of the executive departments or of such 
other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the 
President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the 
House of Representatives their written declaration that the 
President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of 
his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the 
powers and duties of the office as Acting President.

Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President 
pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House 
of Representatives his written declaration that no inability 
exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office 
unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal 
officers of the executive department or of such other body 
as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days 
to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker 
of the House of Representatives their written declaration 
that the President is unable to discharge the powers and 
duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the 
issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose 
if not in session. If the Congress within twenty-one days 
after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress 
is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is 
required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both 
Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers 
and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue 
to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the 
President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.

Twenty-Sixth Amendment

Section 1

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen 
years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged 
by the United States or by any State on account of age.

Section 2

The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by 
appropriate legislation.

Twenty-Seventh Amendment

No law, varying the compensation for the services of the 
Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an 
election of Representatives shall have intervened.

Preamble

ARTICLES OF THE CONSTITUTION

Article I

Legislative Branch

Article II

Executive Branch

Article III

Judicial Branch

Article IV

Relationships Between the States

Article V

Amending the Constitution

Article VI

Prior Debts, National Supremacy Clause, and Oaths of 
Office

Article VII

Ratification

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION

First Amendment

Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition

Second Amendment

Bearing and Keeping Arms

Third Amendment

Quartering Soldiers

Fourth Amendment

Search and Seizure

Fifth Amendment

Grand Jury, Double Jeopardy, Self Incrimination, Due 
Process, Takings

Sixth Amendment

Rights of Those Charged in Criminal Prosecutions

Seventh Amendment

Civil Trial Rights

Eighth Amendment

Excessive Bail and Fines, and Cruel and Unusual 
Punishment

Ninth Amendment

Unenumerated Rights

Tenth Amendment

Rights Reserved to the States and to the People

Eleventh Amendment

Suits Against States

Twelfth Amendment

Election of President

Thirteenth Amendment

Abolition of Slavery

Fourteenth Amendment

Citizenship, Equal Protection, and Other Post-Civil War 
Provisions

Fifteenth Amendment

Right of Citizens to Vote

Sixteenth Amendment

Income Tax

Seventeenth Amendment

Popular Election of Senators

Eighteenth Amendment

Prohibition of Liquor

Nineteenth Amendment

Women’s Suffrage Rights

Twentieth Amendment

Presidential Term and Succession

Twenty-First Amendment

Repeal of Prohibition

Twenty-Second Amendment

Presidential Term Limits

Twenty-Third Amendment

Presidential Electors for D.C.

Twenty-Fourth Amendment

Abolition of Poll Taxes

Twenty-Fifth Amendment

Presidential Vacancy and Disability

Twenty-Sixth Amendment

Reduction of Voting Age

Twenty-Seventh Amendment

Congressional Compensation

Congress.gov

Legal Accessibility External Link Disclaimer USA.gov

B6B6

OUR CONSTITUTIONOUR CONSTITUTION

Mountain Views-News Saturday June 29, 2024 

Mountain Views News 80 W Sierra Madre Blvd. No. 327 Sierra Madre, Ca. 91024 Office: 626.355.2737 Fax: 626.609.3285 Email: editor@mtnviewsnews.com Website: www.mtnviewsnews.com